Critical Theory The Raven - 1394 Words

Christopher Hendry Dr. Harwell ENG 205 5 November, 2015 Term Paper Critical Theory: Post-Structuralism (Deconstructionism) Author: Edgar Allan Poe Work: The Raven Literature has been one of the main sources of inspiration and possibly the most influential of modern media. There have been many authors that have had their works studied and transferred to to the big screen, including Charles Dickens, Herman Mellville, Jane Eyre, Nathanial Hawthorne, and many many more. Amoungst those authors is Edgar Allan Poe, one of America s most well-known 19th century writters. There have been many movies, songs, and characters based on the characters of Poe s works and on Poe himself in some cases. For example, The Raven has been rendered as a movie on two seperate occasions in American Cinema; once in 1963 and again in 2012. The fact that he has managed to not only have his characters as the model of other writers fictional characters, but he himself as a model for them aswell, is a massive indicator of just how long Edgar Allan Poe will be around. Edgar Allan Poe was born January 19, 1809 in Boston to a family of actors. Close to Poe s birth his father left Poe s mother to care for the family on her own, aproxiamatly three years later Poe s mother died. Poe, obviously not being able to care for himself at such a young age, was brought to live with his aunt and uncle in Virginia. His uncle, John Allen, was a merchant that made his money elling tobacco. John wanted Poe to workShow MoreRelatedPower Between Power And Oppression1467 Words   |  6 Pagesserve to examine the five bases of power as outlined by Raven and French. The primary focus of this paper will be on the development of the five bases of power, the connection between power and oppression, the impact on leadership practice, and the relation to other similar theories. Raven and French have focused on the use of social power to influence individuals. Through their examination of social power they have identified five critical sources of power that have helped us to create an understandingRead MoreHypothetico-Deductive Modeling to QA1267 Words   |  6 Pageshis research. This model served him in his explanation of natural selection and evolution. His research was predicated on the use of existing theories during his time. He would use these theories to create a hypothesis. This hypothesis served to allow for the collection of data. This data allowed him to challenge and/or contradict an existing theory (Penny, 2009). Darwin’s mode of operation and his ability to advance knowledge of the biological sciences serves as a powerful example of howRead MoreSymbolism And Charm : How Poe Accomplished His Peculiarity1153 Words   |  5 PagesMagazine. Traditionally, Poe was a man of limited words; he tried to write as concisely as possible. T his proved accurate in this critical essay, as it is not very lengthy. It does, however, correctly depicts Poe s message; he wanted to explain to fellow writers his theory of how it is that acclaimed writers compose well. According to Poe, there are four essential theories regarding the writing of literature: single effect, a melancholy tone, dark settings, and mentally unstable and/or unreliable narratorsRead MoreAlexander Pope s Translation Of The Iliad984 Words   |  4 Pageson the critical theory of English we covered Jacques Derrida and were assigned to imitate his style of analysis. I wrote about â€Å"to quote† and how the verb could be used reflexively and non reflexively, and because English has no markers for reflexive verbs, â€Å"to quote† can be used to directly credit a speaker or obfuscate the speaker completely. The famous line from The Raven, â€Å"Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’† begs the questions, Who is quoting whom? Is Poe q uoting the raven? Is the raven quotingRead MoreAn Methodology Suitable For Scientific Education958 Words   |  4 Pagesargued over their ideas for the most appropriate methodology suitable for scientific research. Ideologically, scholars are constantly divided on the most appropriate methodology for acquiring empirical truth within their work. Broadly categorised, the critical divide has been between inductive and deductive methodologies. While deductive methodologies are based upon logical reason, universal law and particulars, induction is seen to be based on the application of scientific techniques, analysis, observationsRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Father Of American Gothicism1178 Words   |  5 Pagesglorious house is falling apart, uncared for by its occupants; he controls himself for a little bit, but suddenly and with little explanation loses that control when he gives in to his superstitions and literally gets scared to death. Although, in â€Å"The Raven† gives u s few clues about his financial situation; we don’t know if he’s renting a room in which he sits or if he owns the entire house, nor do we know the condition of the velvet curtains or his velvet chair; since the beginning his control is inRead MoreThe Influence of Edgar Allan Poes Life on His Morbid Writings591 Words   |  3 Pagesillness and the stress of his dying wife. Two years later, Virginia died of tuberculosis, and Poe’s own death would follow shortly two years after that. The Raven, published in 1845, brought Poe temporary popular and critical acclaim. The Raven was a personal challenge Edgar imposed upon himself. Poe originally wanted to use a parrot instead of a raven, but he felt it didn’t evoke the right tone. He also wanted to write a 100 line poem, but ended up with 108 lines, which was good enough for Poe. The oneRead More Personal Development and Reflective Reasoning in Nursing Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesand insights of others into their own work. In nursing courses students learn through lecture and discussion, which is the primary method for teaching theoretical principles, but when you add a more complete understanding of the relationship between theory and practice one may become a more competent nurse. 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Essay about Does Your Company Contribute to Gross...

How do you measure the happiness of a nation? One measure often used, Gross National Product, examines the total financial value of all services and goods in a nation. As can attest to, however, money doesnt always equal happiness. While the financial value of whats produced may rank relatively high, if the money is concentrated in the hands of a relatively small amount of people, the nations overall happiness isnt that high. Additionally, other measures of population happiness are often overlooked in gross national product metrics. A city may be bursting at the seams with money, but mired in pollution, corruption, and noise. Citizens might make products that let them pay for housing and food, but if medical care is unaffordable,†¦show more content†¦Promoting community contribution as a way to make clients happier is nothing new; law firms, construction contractors, and cafes across the globe contribute to local causes. Sometimes it takes the form of Adopt-a-Highway participation, or the sponsorship of a local free clinics fundraising banquet. This speaks to the concept of Enlightened Self Interest, in which these contributions encourage potential customers to do business with the company, while actively helping the wider community. Conversely, bad customer service experiences not only decrease community happiness, but they also decrease a companys bottom line. People listen to stories of bad service, thirsting for juicy details, and so not only will an upset customer consider leaving your company, but potential customers may never do business with you. Outside of a potential short term financial benefit from denying your customers request, the impact of having customers angry about their experience with customer service will be negative on your company. Thus, when developing your approach to customer complaints and concerns, think about how your company is contributing to Gross National Happiness, not just Gross National Product. Taking a broader perspective is great not only for your community, but for your businesss long term health asShow MoreRelatedHealthcare Essay2792 Words   |  12 Pagescreation of insurance has grown into a controversial subject for many reasons. Spikes in costs, illegal claims, insider trading, and various other factors contribute to many issues surrounding costs, risks, greed, and ill settled suits are just a few of the issues. Areas such as price ceilings, economical instabilities, and governances contribute to areas afore mentioned. 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Identify three different sources of information you could use to enable you to do this. (3 marks) * The Government website www.gov.uk is one source of information that could be used. It has informationRead MorePepsico17225 Words   |  69 PagesIII. Strategy Evaluation | 69 | Global Marketplace Analysis | 70 | References | 72 | Appendix | 74 | Abstract A leading global food, snack and beverage company, it is PepsiCo. Its brands include Quaker Oats, Tropicana, Gatorade, Lays and Pepsi — are household names that stand for quality throughout the world. As a global company, they also have strong regional brands such as Walkers, Gamesa and Sabritas. Independently or through contract manufacturers, they both make market and sell a varietyRead MorePepsico17216 Words   |  69 PagesStrategy Evaluation | 69 | Global Marketplace Analysis | 70 | References | 72 | Appendix | 74 | Abstract A leading global food, snack and beverage company, it is PepsiCo. 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Demetrius treatment of Helena in Act Two Scene One Essay Example For Students

Demetrius treatment of Helena in Act Two Scene One Essay In this essay I will be discussing and exploring Act Two Scene One in one of William Shakespeares plays A Midsummer Nights Dream. I will be focusing on how Demetrius treats Helena throughout the scene and analyzing how an Elizabethan audience would react differently to a modern audience. Considering the play was written in the 1590s and set in Legendary Athens William Shakespeare had to be wary about the language he used about love and marriage in the Elizabethan era. In Act One Scene One, Egeus underlines the fact that he consents for his daughter Hermia to marry Demetrius. Even with knowing Hermia and Lysander had fallen for each other, this was going against the Elizabethan law. Egeus is full of vexation over this, this outlines the fact of Egeus power over Hermia. An audience within the Elizabethan era would find this perfectly acceptable behavior, as Egeus being a male has a higher status than Hermia being a woman. Where as a modern audience within todays society would find this completely unacceptable and disagree with what Egeus was doing. Furthermore Lysander states his background and wealth is equal to Demetrius My fortunes every way as fairly ranked, Egeus still persists on Demetrius to wed Hermia I do estate unto Demetrius. In the Elizabethan era, Women were treated by husbands and family as possessions and used for financial gain to give the family a higher status in society. After being potentially sentenced to death by her own father, Hermia meets with Lysander as they agree to runaway into the woods together, where he sharp Athenian law cannot pursue us. Lysander enforces this by telling Hermia that if she runs away with him, the law that her father has threatened her with will not matter. This explores the fact that Lysanders love for Hermia is true, and that he is willing to take the risk just for her. Hermia decides to tell Helena about the plan of her and Lysander running of into the woods together. Helena gets the wrong impression and feels that by telling Demetrius about this, Demetrius may fall for her and love her because of this. However this gives Demetrius the wrong impression and he decides to go into the woods to find Hermia, as he feels she is already his possession, referring to her as my Hermia whilst Helena trails behind. An Elizabethan audience would be shocked that Helena is so keen to follow him. Yet a modern audience wouldnt be shocked we would perceive this as Helena being desperate and very unusual that she is persistent to give up. Demetrius adds to the drama for the audience when he breaks the silence and exclaims I love thee not, therefore pursue me not. This clarifies to the audience that he has no feelings for Helena at all. Moreover this suggests to the audience Egeus has most likely offered Demetrius a large dowry if he marries Hermia this has most probably had an effect on Demetrius feelings towards Helena, and be the reason he is being so bland with her. Throughout all this Helena makes it clear that no matter what she will always love Demetrius. Love and marriage in the 16th century wasnt even comparable to marriage in modern days society. Elizabethan views were that a daughter, in this case Hermia, would be ruled in love and marriage by her Family. She would definitely not be free to make her own choices and decisions, she would be expected to act, and be treated like property rather than an own individual with her own thoughts, feelings and opinions. An Elizabethan audience would find this perfectly acceptable. Shakespeare clearly didnt agree with this because in the majority of his plays he displays how women should be given a voice. .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 , .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .postImageUrl , .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 , .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64:hover , .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64:visited , .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64:active { border:0!important; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64:active , .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64 .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5e9a86b83bdb977e903ac480d8c48c64:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Halfcast and Unrelated incidents EssayHis point of view resembles our point of view, as todays society would be very much against this. Modern views would be that no one should be the property of another, and she should be allowed to fall in love and have her own views and feelings which then allow her to make her own decisions. Throughout the play there is a theme of unrequited love, which helps form the main theme of True love never did run smooth. Demetrius makes it ever so clear he has no love for Helena at all. Helena pleads with Demetrius to love her I am your spaniel she is desperately asking him to treat her like a dog, she is saying that no matter how badly he treats her she will still feel the same love for him. Whilst she pleads with Demetrius, he is extremely offensive in his language towards Helena for I am sick when I do look on thee much the same as the modern expression you make me sick. Helena on the other hand feels sick when she cannot look upon Demetrius sick when I look not on you. Still she is persistent and wont give up, she feels that she can win over Demetrius. In the eyes of a modern audience the way Demetrius speaks to Helena is perceived as outrageous. Contrastingly an Elizabethan audience would find this acceptable and would have no problem what so ever with this. Women in the 1590s were seen as second best to men, being less important. We have to take into account that this was Centuries before women were allowed to vote, let alone have any equality to men. Demetrius reminds Helena that he is in love with Hermia but still Helena persists in her pursuit to gain the love of Demetrius. However Demetrius has other plans, Where is Lysander and fair Hermia. The one Ill slay the other slayeth me. By this he explains that he will kill Lysander if he needs to get to Hermias heart, yet he feels like Helena is killing his heart. This highlights to Helena he has no love for her at all. Throughout all this Helena still carries on, spurn me, strike me, neglect me, lose me. This implies that Demetrius can do what ever he pleases with Helena, but Helena will still love him. This is most likely a unwise suggestion from Helena but it still does suggest that she will love Demetrius no matter what. We get the impression that Helena has a low opinion of her self, Only give me leave, Unworthy as I am to follow you. This underlines this as Demetrius could do what he wants with her but she would still feel that she is not worthy of him, and doesnt deserve him, although we have to take into account that no woman in the Elizabethan era would believe she is equal to a man apart from the Queen herself Elizabeth. People of the modern era would not agree with this, women and men should be equals in the modern age. However it should be remembered that some men of the modern society still treat women as second class citizens. Remember that in the Elizabethan society the male was dominant, and it would be classed as perfectly acceptable for Demetrius to speak to Helena the way he does. For example Demetrius says, Ill run from thee and hide me in the brakes, and leave thee to the mercy of wild beasts. This quotation shows Demetriuss views as a dominant male, suggesting that he can leave her behind and what ever happens to her doesnt matter to him. .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 , .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .postImageUrl , .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 , .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349:hover , .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349:visited , .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349:active { border:0!important; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349:active , .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349 .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9c1b6c2f52b0f82d469ee0d5220bb349:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Choose two poems and compose the ways poets deal EssayA modern audience would be outraged to hear this, although an Elizabethan audience would find it acceptable to speak to a Woman like that. Even though he is suggesting that he would abandon her to wild beasts she replies that The wildest hath not such a heart as you. Suggesting that even the most terrible of wild beasts is still no match for the heart of Demetrius. She still sees him as someone that she loves and will pursue despite all that he says to her. Throughout the whole of this argument, Oberon, the King of the fairies was listening in. He would have heard how much Helena loved Demetrius and how much Demetrius doesnt care. He calls upon Puck the hob goblin, who is shown as a mischievous character. Oberon tells Puck to drop love potion on Demetrius eyes whilst he sleeps, so that he will awaken and fall in love with Helena. Unfortunately, Puck puts the potion in Lysanders eyes as well, causing Lysander to fall in love with Helena as well as Demetrius. An Elizabethan audience would find this comical, as the Woman who loves but has no love in return now has more love than she can handle. However a more contemporary audience may start to wonder if Shakespeares authorial voice is coming through and suggesting that love may not be as complex as we all may think, instead love can be shown as an object. Because Demetrius falls madly in love with Helena all because of a few drops of love potion, their love is portrayed as a possible illusion. Shakespeare never really details this potion, so audiences are left wondering whether Demetrius love for Helena is merely lust. In conclusion both audiences at the end of the play would probably have the same attitude to wanting the play to conclude with a happy ending. The main theme of the play is The course of true love never did run smoothly. All of the conflict in the play leads back to the troubles of romance. This may be a big reason why this play is still remembered today, even though modern audiences have different views to an Elizabethan audience, people still believe the saying of The course of true love never did run smoothly and the fact that we can relate back to how Helena must feel during the play. Throughout the play a modern audience would be shocked to see Helena being so submissive where as an Elizabethan audience would find that to be normal. We as a modern audience would find Demetrius treatment towards Helena appalling, yet a man of our society or Elizabethan would find her actions very annoying. During the play I felt Helena portrayed herself as a very weak individual, but realized that in the setting of the play that would not be seen as abnormal. Although Demetrius was very insensitive to Helena it is understandable that he found her constant need for love and approval irritating.

The Old Religion Why Are They Pagans free essay sample

The Old Religion: Why Are They Pagans? Essay, Research Paper The Old Religion An extract from the Malleus Maleficarum written by Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger reads, # 8220 ; Enchantresss are so called on history of the inkiness of their guilt, that is to state their workss are more evil than those of any other criminals. They stir up and confuse the elements by the assistance of the Satan and arouse awful hailstorms and storms. They distract the heads of work forces driving them to madness, insane hatred, and excessive lecherousnesss. By the awful influence of their enchantments entirely as it were by a draft of toxicant they can destruct life. # 8221 ; The mere reference of the words enchantress or witchery automatically convey to mind either the green skinned broom-riding beldam of The Wizard of Oz or visions of some Devil-worshipping cult. Witchcraft is non a cult. It is a heathen Earth faith that has origins dating back before any other formalistic faith. We will write a custom essay sample on The Old Religion Why Are They Pagans or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some enchantresss prefer to idolize in groups, normally known as covens. However, since there is no individual worldwide establishment for the practicians of witchery others are free to idolize entirely as lone enchantresss. Witchcraft in one signifier or another has existed longer than Christianity. This is evidenced by the Christian holidays that have been adapted from older Pagan jubilations. Long before the universe had heard of Jesus. Wiccan # 8217 ; s had been detecting the season by conveying in the Yule log wishing on it and illuming it with the remains of the last old ages log. The Roman Catholic vacation of Candlemas is an version of the heathen Celebration of Imbolc ; this twenty-four hours is besides known as Brigit # 8217 ; s Day. The Goddess Brigit symbolized the fire of birth and healing. Early heathens celebrated her twenty-four hours by inflaming sacred fires. The Roman Catholic Church adopted the fire symbolism and used this twenty-four hours to bless all the church candles that would be used during the coming twelvemonth. The name Easter was taken from the name of a heathen travel ddess Eostre whose Symbols were the bunny and the egg. Aside from that symbolism most heathen faiths speak of the goddess falling into the Underworld for a period of three yearss. This is reflected in the Christian tradition that Jesus died on the cross, descended to hell ( during the three yearss he was entombed ) , and on the 3rd twenty-four hours he arose and ascended into Eden. Witchcraft may be the oldest faith. It is really different from all the alleged great faiths. The Old Religion, as enchantresss call it, is closer in spirit to the Native American traditions or to the Shamanism in the Arctic. It is non based on a tenet or a set of beliefs. Witchcraft takes its instructions from nature. To the enchantress the rhythms of the seasons and motions of the Sun, Moon, and stars are beginnings of inspiration. Neither Jehovah, # 8220 ; the Lord # 8221 ; , or Satan are portion of the Wiccan pantheon of Deities. Witches worship a apparently eternal figure of pre-Christian divinities but these three are non included. Wiccan # 8217 ; s do non believe there is an absolute immorality or absolute good ; there are merely appropriate or inappropriate actions. The Devil is a Judeo-christian innovation, most likely devised from a heathen God. The God of the Old Religion was the Horned God ; hence, Christianity associated this God with the Devil and the church deemed enchantresss Devil believers. Witchcraft is a manner of looking at the universe merely as Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. Unlike cults, enchantresss do non look to a individual leader to work out all their jobs ; alternatively they tend to be really individualistic and freethinking people. Witchcraft has ever been a faith of poesy instead than divinity. The enigmas of the unknown can neer be explained, merely felt. Just as some people are good at repairing autos or computing machines, some enchantresss can and make, develop proficiency with enchantment work and healing. However, there is a cosmopolitan moral principle by which the Wiccan community adheres. The # 8220 ; Wiccan Rede # 8221 ; provinces, # 8220 ; An it harm none, do what you will. # 8221 ;

Abortion - Pro-Choice essays

Abortion - Pro-Choice essays Abortion is one of the most controversial debated topics of this day and age. The reason for this surrounds the idea of whether the induced removal of the fetus is murder or rather in the best interest of the mother. Pro-life activists debate that all life in the instant of its conception is innocent and deserves a chance at life. They also believe that God chooses its time of life and death, not the mother. Pro-choice followers often argue in favor of science and the United States Constitutional Ninth Amendment, which holds freedom of choice sacred. The first patient is the mother, and she is the one who allows the pregnancy to happen or not. Personally, I am pro-choice; however, I am not pro-abortion. Pro-abortionists believe abortion is right for whatever reason the mother has, and basically acts as a sort of contraceptive. This displays a poor conscience and lack of responsibility. This paper will argue in favor of pro-choice while reinforcing the wrongs of pro-abortion . The strongest point of argument of pro-choice versus pro-life activists is the idea of when the fetus is living. For pro-life activists, there are two opinions. The first overwhelming opinion is that once the child is conceived, it is living. The second follows the idea that once a mother feels the child kick, which is around the eighth week, it is living. For pro-choice activists, scientific fact argues that the fetus is absolutely unable to sustain life outside the womans womb. (Planning Parenthood) The fetus creates no genuine brain wave activity until the third trimester of the pregnancy, and only instinctual electric impulses prior to that. Its cerebral cortex does not appear until the second trimester, thus meaning it can feel no pain in its first 12 weeks of gestation. Another conclusion scientists have reached is that all movement prior to the development of the cerebral cortex has no real pu ...

Yet More Testing Center Problems for June 6 SAT

Yet More Testing Center Problems for June 6 SAT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips We've written at length about the June 6 SAT misprint snafuand SAT testing center problems. Our SAT experts who took the SAT on June 6th noted major problems in how the test was administered, leading to potential imbalances in test performance and equality. As we suspected, these problems extend throughout the country. A reader wrote in with his terrible College Board testing experience with his son. The belowletter was directly sent to the College Board as a complaint: My son took a SAT Subject test on June 6, 2015 at UC Irvine in Irvine, California. The test was to be an hour. I assumed the total time he would be there would be no more than 2 hours. On the testing day, there were hundreds of students there. They were testing for all subject tests plus the SAT itself. Checking in the students was a nightmare. Initially, there was only one extremely long line of students. I dropped my son off and saw him get in line. Since we arrived early, he was behind approximately 50-75 students. When I drove by 30 minutes later, I was shocked to see the line at least five times longer and my son still standing in line. At that point, I thought there was nothing I could do, and it wasn't until FOUR hours later when he texted me that he had finished, that I discovered what he had to go through. After he waited an hour in line waiting to be checked in, he said suddenly many students started running to another building. He then heard someone yell that SAT subject test takers need to go to another building. By the time he ran over to the other building, he then was at the back of a new long line. He said nowhere were signs posted or people giving instructions to the students as they arrived as to where they should go to check in. Once he got into the room for the test about an hour later, he said he sat through 40 minutes of instructions, including instructions about calculators and having the calculators physically examined. My son was not there to take a math subject test, but a history test. Yet he had to sit through lengthy instructions that did not even pertain to his test. So after being dropped off to take the test, he was not able to begin the test until hours later. That alone would make a student not only tired but even more apprehensive. The desk he had to sit in had a very small surface area, less than the size of a sheet of notebook paper. He said it wasn't even enough room for his scantron and his arm had to hang off the side. He had to put his test booklet in his lap, without anything underneath it to provide a harder writing surface. When I asked how he marked in his test booklet (for marking eliminations and notes), he said he had to do it in his lap and it was extremely uncomfortable. My son said he didn't want to take any further subject tests because of the experience. I tried to assure him that we will find a different test center next time, but I have no way of knowing what he might encounter elsewhere and it could be even worse. We have heard the many stories of proctors listening to audible music while the test is being administered, issues with the correct time being given, noise from outside not being addressed and other unfair conditions. At this point, we don't yet know how he fared on the SAT subject test he took. But regardless, these testing conditions and disorganization are unfair and completely unacceptable. We expected the process to be professional, especially since the College Board has been administering these tests for many years. It's very likely that this reader's son was severely disadvantaged compared to students at other, better-run SAT testing centers in the country. If the College Board is serious about reducing inequality in testing, one place it needs to look is testing conditions as test centers. Have a similar experience? Share it as a comment below. When you take the SAT or ACT, make sure you know your rights. Speak up if any of these problems happen to you. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Yet More Testing Center Problems for June 6 SAT

Yet More Testing Center Problems for June 6 SAT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips We've written at length about the June 6 SAT misprint snafuand SAT testing center problems. Our SAT experts who took the SAT on June 6th noted major problems in how the test was administered, leading to potential imbalances in test performance and equality. As we suspected, these problems extend throughout the country. A reader wrote in with his terrible College Board testing experience with his son. The belowletter was directly sent to the College Board as a complaint: My son took a SAT Subject test on June 6, 2015 at UC Irvine in Irvine, California. The test was to be an hour. I assumed the total time he would be there would be no more than 2 hours. On the testing day, there were hundreds of students there. They were testing for all subject tests plus the SAT itself. Checking in the students was a nightmare. Initially, there was only one extremely long line of students. I dropped my son off and saw him get in line. Since we arrived early, he was behind approximately 50-75 students. When I drove by 30 minutes later, I was shocked to see the line at least five times longer and my son still standing in line. At that point, I thought there was nothing I could do, and it wasn't until FOUR hours later when he texted me that he had finished, that I discovered what he had to go through. After he waited an hour in line waiting to be checked in, he said suddenly many students started running to another building. He then heard someone yell that SAT subject test takers need to go to another building. By the time he ran over to the other building, he then was at the back of a new long line. He said nowhere were signs posted or people giving instructions to the students as they arrived as to where they should go to check in. Once he got into the room for the test about an hour later, he said he sat through 40 minutes of instructions, including instructions about calculators and having the calculators physically examined. My son was not there to take a math subject test, but a history test. Yet he had to sit through lengthy instructions that did not even pertain to his test. So after being dropped off to take the test, he was not able to begin the test until hours later. That alone would make a student not only tired but even more apprehensive. The desk he had to sit in had a very small surface area, less than the size of a sheet of notebook paper. He said it wasn't even enough room for his scantron and his arm had to hang off the side. He had to put his test booklet in his lap, without anything underneath it to provide a harder writing surface. When I asked how he marked in his test booklet (for marking eliminations and notes), he said he had to do it in his lap and it was extremely uncomfortable. My son said he didn't want to take any further subject tests because of the experience. I tried to assure him that we will find a different test center next time, but I have no way of knowing what he might encounter elsewhere and it could be even worse. We have heard the many stories of proctors listening to audible music while the test is being administered, issues with the correct time being given, noise from outside not being addressed and other unfair conditions. At this point, we don't yet know how he fared on the SAT subject test he took. But regardless, these testing conditions and disorganization are unfair and completely unacceptable. We expected the process to be professional, especially since the College Board has been administering these tests for many years. It's very likely that this reader's son was severely disadvantaged compared to students at other, better-run SAT testing centers in the country. If the College Board is serious about reducing inequality in testing, one place it needs to look is testing conditions as test centers. Have a similar experience? Share it as a comment below. When you take the SAT or ACT, make sure you know your rights. Speak up if any of these problems happen to you. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

It is often said that the state of Israel is the amongst the Essay

It is often said that the state of Israel is the amongst the - Essay Example Israel has committed numerous violations of international law, or the international humanitarian law. These violations were properly documented and no matter what justifications of the Israeli government were for such violations, the fact remains that the law has been violated. One of these was the illegal occupation of land acquired by force, which was a violation of Principle 1 of the Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations as well as Articles 2 and 5 of the U. N. Charter (List of International Law Violations, 2012). This happened when Israel acquired East Jerusalem and Golan Heights as well as Palestinian lands. Any military occupation that ensues from a war is only possible and legal if it is done for defense. Besides, such military occupation is clearly a defiance of the U. N. Partition Plan that already allocated lands to Israel. Another violation of the international humanitarian law by Israel was to force native Palestinian populations out of the occupie d land. Moreover, those that remained were clearly discriminated and were forbidden to own lands, rent lands or even get jobs. In fact, this particular violation of international humanitarian law was also a violation of articles 45, 46 and 49 of the fourth Geneva Convention, and of the U. N. ... rights violations committed by Israel included cruel acts against Palestinians such as numerous instances of torture, harassment at checkpoints, land confiscation, disruption of medical care, destruction of public and private property, family separation and many others (List of International Law Violations, 2012). Restriction of the entry of goods into Israeli-occupied Gaza was also another violation of international law (Complete Coverage of Israel/Gaza, 2012). The killing of the Hamas Commander in November 2012 in a place where two children were killed was also a violation of international law (A grave violation of international law, 2012). Such cruel acts and violations of international humanitarian laws were not only hearsays but were confirmed by international organizations which are politically and legally neutral such as the Human Rights Watch and the International Court of Justice. These international organizations naturally do not take sides and thus remain objective, which means that they do not take the side of either the Palestinians or Israel. From the aforementioned evidence there was clearly no sign that such accusations were coming from a moral or political standpoint. Besides, Israel, no matter what its motives were, clearly committed violations of the international humanitarian laws. Another group of violations of Israel includes those against the laws of war and those against the fourth Geneva Convention. Some of these violations included illegl Israeli settlements on Palestinian lands, which violated Article 49 of the fourth Geneva Convention. The provision of the fourth Geneva Convention states that it would be illegal for any country to colonize occupied land or transfer their own people to that land. However, despite the law, Israel built more

Rene Descartes - The Discourse on the Method Essay

Rene Descartes - The Discourse on the Method - Essay Example His work Discourse on Method offers several key perspectives on analyzing the world, and it breaks from traditions in a number of ways. The Discourse on Method is not only important as a study of how the early scientific method developed in the Western world, but also it is informative in terms of where Descartes fits within the historical context of Western thought. Based on the applications of Descartes’ new method, one can see the logical consequences of his theories to both the physical and metaphysical sciences. An overview and critical examination of those consequences, including what can be called â€Å"Descartes’ history hypothesis,† is given in this paper. Descartes published the Discourse on Method in 1637, four years before his seminal Mediations on First Philosophy in which he establishes the rationalist mode of thinking necessary to produce the cogito ergo sum argument. The arguments in the Discourse are laid out in a way that reflects this later wor k, particularly in the importance that Descartes ascribes to reasoning as such as a way toward truth. He writes, â€Å"For, in fine, whether awake or asleep, we ought never to allow ourselves to be persuaded of the truth of anything unless on the evidence of our Reason† (Descartes, IV, 9). ... However, more than a piece of thorough philosophy, Descartes’ Discourse reads more as a narrative: introducing his younger self, his eventual dissatisfaction with the old ways of thinking that were based primarily on a Jesuit or Aristotelian model of science, and his dissatisfaction with the lack of certainty that those methods provided him. In fact, these methods only produce more doubts, more uncertainty about the world as it actually exists. Therefore, he outlines the way by which he arrives at his new method, which calls into question everything except for the fact that his is a thinking thing, capable of doubting everything except for the fact that it doubts (Descartes, III, 6). In giving a justification for a rational way to approach philosophical and scientific problems, Descartes is setting up his own conclusions about both the physical and metaphysical worlds. The function of Part V of the Cartesian Discourse on Method is to address some of these physically relevant s cientific considerations given by his rational method. â€Å"In Part Five of the Discourse a few years later,† writes Ernan McMullin, â€Å"he returned to his ambitious project of a mechanistic cosmogony, describing it this time only in outline, with none of the explanatory detail of the earlier work† (McMullin 2010, 91). Cosmogony, which refers to the study of how the universe came to be, is a mechanistic—or physical—set of theories. Descartes’ method, which attempts to set forth a mechanistic view of the origins of the universe, involves looking at a number of different phenomena: stars, the sky, heavenly bodies, and human beings themselves (Descartes, IV, 4). Descartes is attempting to develop the foundations

Obama and the Environment Essay Example for Free

Obama and the Environment Essay This paper would seek to evaluate the Environmental policy of one of the most important figures in this regard; the President of the United States of America Barack Obama. The United States is currently facing criticism and is caught in a controversy as a result of the fact that it has not signed the Kyoto Protocol as yet. Since the USA is one of the largest producers of carbon emissions, that decision has made the other participants quite reluctant about signing the agreement beyond 2012 when the current agreement expires. The Bush administration was heavily criticized for its decision to not sign the Protocol but the current administration has come up with its own environmental policy in order to deal more aptly with the issue of environment and specially the carbon emissions. The environmental policy of the Obama administration is two pronged as it not only deals with the long term environmental solutions but also analyses the intermediate or short term solutions. The policy outlined by the current administration criticized its predecessors ‘â€Å"gimmicks† instead of actual solutions to an issue which is one of the biggest concerns in terms of its economic and environmental detrimental effects. The plan looks at some of the most pressing needs of the American nation such as the â€Å"dependence on foreign oil, addressing the moral, economic and environmental challenge of the global climate change, and building a clean, energy future that would benefit all Americans. â€Å"http://www. barackobama. com/pdf/issues/EnvironmentFactSheet. pdf The plan is comprehensive as it not analyses the effects on the locals but also looks at the global impact of the USA’s economic activities. The short term solutions are a way of countering the immediate effects that the activities of the US economy have in terms of the environment. This includes the emergency rebate for energy purposes, crackdown on excessive energy speculation, exchange light and heavy crude, and lastly, release oil from the strategic petroleum reserves in order to cut the oil prices. If these short term effects were to be looked at in detail and what in effect they entail, it would mean relief for millions of middle class Americans as their energy costs would be partially borne by the energy rebate particularly at times of rocketing oil and gas prices. As for the rest, it entails a reversal of all previous environmental policies as it would mean releasing the strategic petroleum reserves as according to the current regime, the current situation is serious for these reserves to be touched upon. Hence, the current administration is taking the short term measures to a level which has never been touched upon earlier having understood the gravity of the case in terms of the lasting detrimental effects on the local population. The strategic plan of providing five million jobs through a five year steady investment of 150 billion USD means a revamping of the federal budget as this time instead of merely taxing the taxpayers, they are being provided some form of relief in order to initiate a cleaner future. However, the fact still remains that much more needs to be done in order to prove the USA’s commitment to the international goals of reducing the carbon emissions levels and adhering to the principles of the Kyoto protocol. In a landmark address to the American nation, the President made clear his stance on the Kyoto protocol by reviving the agreement in a solid attempt to bring the USA back on the global platform for the purposes of global climate change. In the words of Barack Obama himself: â€Å"We cannot afford more of the same timid politics when the future of our planet is at stake. Global warming is not asomeday problem, it is now. We are already breaking records with the intensity of our storms, the number of forest fires,the periods of drought. By 2050 famine could force more than 250 million from their homes . . . . The polar ice caps are now melting faster than science had ever predicted. . . . This is not the future I want for my daughters. Its not the future any of us want for our children. And if we act now and we act boldly, it doesnt have to be. † [Barack Obama, Portsmouth, NH, 10/8/07] Source: http://www. barackobama. com/pdf/issues/EnvironmentFactSheet. pdf The plan to reduce carbon emissions by eight percent by 2050 does seem a formidable task indeed but according to the strategy outlined by Obama; this would be carried out through a market cap buy and sell system in which caps would be kept on the carbon emissions. And the companies would be allowed to buy and sell the allowances amongst themselves depending on the supply and demand levels of each. Hence, in a way creating a competitive market for the amount of total carbon emissions created which would have been limited by the government. The 150 billion dollars investment programme outlined above would allow entail the research and development facilities created for the purposes of having advanced energy technologies. Such research would allow the USA to gain a competitive edge in the economic markets by being environmentally safe and having efficient production processes at the same time. The policy of having energy efficient infrastructure along with the more usage of renewable source s of energy would go a long way in safeguarding the interests of the environmentalists. If one was to look at the above proposals in greater detail what would come across would be the fact that the Obama administration has shown true commitment to the environmental causes by having a clearly defined environmental policy. In this regard, there are several areas which have been covered especially the biggest concern being that of the Kyoto protocol and America’s commitment to ensuring that the global climate change process does show true effect. The queries of the rest of the Protocol committee have been handled quite aptly by Obama who from the day one has ensured that environmental policy would remain an important part and parcel of his political policies. Added to that is the fact that Al Gore, one of the true environmental leaders that the US has seen, has been a prominent figure in the Obama entourage highlighting the interest that the current regime truly has in the environmental concerns and policies. The idea of providing incentives for energy utilized and provision of greater federal granst along with grants for early adopters is in themselves ideas which portray true business acumen and sense as they would act as persuasive tactics for the profit-keen businessmen. Hence, what this paper has shown and highlighted has been that the current administration is an aware and environmentally conscious government which realizes the potential gains and losses from endorsing environmental practices. References G-20. ` Home G20. 01 Apr. 2009 http://www. g20. org/. `The Kyoto Protocol: AN Update. ` U. S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs. 11 July 2007. 01 Apr. 2009 http://www. internationalrelations. house. gov/110/36724. pdf. Jones, Van. â€Å"â€Å"Green collar economy. 1st Ed. New York: Haper Collins, 2008. Friedman, Thomas L. Hot, Flat, and Crowded. New York: Farrar, 2008. http://www. independent. co. uk/environment/climate-change/obama-brings-us-in-from-the-cold-1026303. html http://www. barackobama. com/pdf/issues/EnvironmentFactSheet

Honor in No One Writes to the Colonel and Chronicle of a Death Foretold

Honor in No One Writes to the Colonel and Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Garcia-Marquez Every culture in the world has its own unique set of values that they adhere to in life. The most important value to people is their honor. Honor is a very important factor in a person life that they will stop at nothing to make sure it is not lost. This endless pursuit of keeping honor can causes both positive and negative effects to a society. The reason honor is a main driving force in a person's life is for the simple fact that it determines how the society views that person's integrity, honesty and truthfulness to himself and family. In the two novellas No One Writes to the Colonel and Chronicle of a Death Foretold, Garcia-Marquez shows the complexity involved in the pursuit of honor. He explains through his writings that preserving honor is essential to live, but can be very harmful to others. The pursuit of honor can cause complex and difficult situations that can either benefit or harm others in a society. It can cause people to either live a truthful life or a false life run by lies and illusion. In the process of attaining honor strong relationships and friendships can fall apart. The pursuit of honor can give liveliness and vigor to people or put them people into a state of paralysis. The pursuit of honor can either cause a person live a life where they are true to themselves and their feeling or live a life run by lies and illusion. A false life refers to a human using lies and illusion to change the perception that others have of their honor and overall place society. In the novella No One Writes to the Colonel, the Colonel and his wife live their lives under the illusion that they are not poor so they can... ...process to maintain honor then it would not be a major determinate on that person character and family. The preservation of honor is similar to recent corruption scandals in Providence, Rhode Island. The mayor of Providence Buddy Cianci focused and pursued his life on the attainment of power in the city. He cheated and lied his way through the office as governor doing anything he could to remain in power. Like in the pursuit of honor he made many business relationships and also fired anyone who would ruin his chances at remaining in office. Similarly to what happens in the pursuit of honor he devoted his entire life to his campaign. His struggle for power in Providence is similar to the way Garcia-Marquez shows complexity involved in the pursuit of honor. Works Cited: Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. Chronicle of a Death Foretold. New York: Ballantine, 1982.

Achieving the Goal Essay

How will I achieve the goal? There are many things going through my head when I think about the question, but there are only a few important ones that stick out the most. Achieving the goal would be for me to do everything in my power to do the very best I can in college so when I do finish I can become a physical therapist. For me to achieve my goal, I’m going to have to work hard and study even harder so I can get the very best grades while going to Victoria College. I know that college isn’t easy and sometimes it is going to be difficult, but I will not let that stop me from getting my goal. I also know that college is very different from high school. So that means that I’m going to need to work ten times harder than I did back then. I believe that by studying and giving my very best at everything I do in college, I will achieve my goal. I just have to remember that I can’t give up even when it gets hard because that will get me nowhere. Besides doing my best in college, I’m going to need to balance my job as a mother of three and the duties of a house wife. Balancing kids and keeping up with everything that comes with the responsibilities of a wife, home, and family is just another step on the path to achieving my goals. Having a family while also going to school full time can be tough. Sometimes when I get home I’m tired and really don’t feel like doing any homework, but I know that I have to. This sometimes can lead to procrastinating. I’ve gone to school before while having one child and managed just fine with school and work, so I know that I can do it again this go around of college too. Time management is the key though. Having a social life is something else I have to balance with college I believe that I can do all the things I want to with my friends and family and still be able to succeed in college. All I have to do is manage my time and keep my priorities straight. I have to think which is more important, hanging out and watching the football game with friends and family or studying for an upcoming test. Studying of course. I can do all the things I want to do with my family and friends as long as I don’t let it affect my school work. So when I finish my time at Victoria College, I want to transfer to University Houston-Victoria. It has always been my dream to go to a University and make my kids proud. It’s just another step in  achieving my goal. While I am at UHV, I want to succeed at everything I do so I can graduate with a Bachelor’s degree and then even go on to getting a Master’s degree as well. So hopefully when my time is done at UHV, I will have become a physical therapist. Something I have wanted to be for a while now. When it is all said and done with college and I do become a physical therapist, then I know that I have finally reached my goal for myself, my kids, and my husband. All I have to remember is that I can’t lose focus of my goals and dreams, because if I do then I will never achieve true happiness†¦my goal!

Kohlberg and piaget’s moral development

Elizabeth, a seven year old child, was forbidden by her mother to play inside the house or else she’ll tie her up side down.   One day, her little friends invited her to play a â€Å"chasing† game.   Ã‚  Because she was not to play inside the house, she told her friends to play outside the house.   They got bored with the game and decided to change it into hide and seek.   Elizabeth, a very competitive child, doesn’t want to be caught by anyone.   She decided to hide inside the house keeping in mind to be as careful as possible.But unfortunately for her, her friend Aspen, who was the seeker, saw her enter the house and followed her.   Elizabeth got nervous when she saw Aspen.  Ã‚   In the instant that Aspen entered the house, Elizabeth quickly ran towards the door but she was caught by Aspen.   They grab each other so that one of them might reach the base first.   But as they grab each other they bump into vase stand.   The vase fell and break s. Her mother caught them.   Elizabeth told her mother that it’s not her fault and include Aspen as well.Commonly, children exhibits a pre-conventional level of way of thinking, that is,   they enter the first and second stage of Kohlberg’s six stages of moral development   (Nucci, 2002).   In stage 1, children conceived an action to be right or wrong according to the punishment their parents give them.   In stage 2, the concept developed by a child is like â€Å"you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours†.  For Piaget, children are more worried about the results and consequences of what they have done rather than the true reason underlying their action (Nucci, 2002). Applying these theories to Elizabeth’ situation, she would think of horrible situations like her mother’s going to tie her up side down.   Maybe she’ll also think of different scenarios like she’ll not allow her to play ever again.   Another thing, sh e’ll make sure that Aspen will take her punishment too – this is to include the â€Å"you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours†.  Ã‚   Obviously, the child’s age is appropriate to the stage since Elizabeth is exhibiting both the characteristics that Piaget and Kohlberg described.ReferenceNucci, L. (2002, February 15).   Studies in Moral Development and Education: An Overview.Retrieved September 23, 2007, from http://tigger.uic.edu/~lnucci/MoralEd/overview.html.

RLs Dream essays

RL's Dream essays Walter Mosley is mostly known for his series of mystery writing about Easy Rawlins. The Easy Rawlins series were the best selling crime thrillers he ever wrote. But Walter Mosley also wrote RLs Dream in which he wrote about a man named Soupspoon Wise whose life has been his music. In his life, Wise has been playing the Blues music all the time but his life also becomes like the Blues music. Blues music was always been used as a way of complaining to the society when it was played. This was a way in which the African American musician complained and expressed the black tragedy and discrimination done to them by the American (White People) Society. Also, Blues music was related to the depression faced by the African Americans. In the novel RLs Dream by Walter the main character Soupspoon Wise was a blues man who was depressed with his life. The aging Soupspoon Wise was lonely, ill and dying of cancer. This is one way of how Wises life has become a depression and it a way of complaining to society like the Blues music. He is lonely and ill and suffering of empties and depression, which can lead to his death. Moreover, another way that Soupspoons expresses his depressant life was talking to a young white woman who tries to save him from dying by looking after him when she found him near a dump. He tells Kiki his life story like how he grew up in the South haunted by the events that occurred in his early life. The racism and racists in the South gave him a sense of self worth and he also talked about the real history of Black people who were burned to death. Moreover, when he met Robert RL Johnson and played the his most remarkable music with his, this meeting still haunted him for the rest of his life because people said that Johnson traded his soul with the devil in return for an unlimited talent. So, you can see that even his most memorable ev ...

6 Directions for Visual Display of Content

6 Directions for Visual Display of Content 6 Directions for Visual Display of Content 6 Directions for Visual Display of Content By Mark Nichol Whether you self-publish online or in print, or submit to publications in various media, consider not just the cognitive impact of the content but also the visual presentation. 1. Sentences Concise sentences are effective. They convey much information in few words. But a succession of several such sentences is wearying. A string of short sentences is like stop-and-go traffic. Elegance and eloquence in language usage is a key consideration in composition, but so is the flow of language. Be aware of how sentences roll along. You’re likely to find that you are most pleased to read something demonstrating a variety of sentence lengths. 2. Paragraphs Paragraph length is also a consideration. The traditional rule of essay writing is to present a topic statement followed by three supporting sentences and a conclusion. The model essay, according to a similar rule, is formatted in the same way: a topic paragraph, three paragraphs that illustrate the point, and a summarizing paragraph. No composition need be composed so rigidly, and the publication medium must also be taken into consideration. A single-column book format is more forgiving of long paragraphs, but a two-column book layout or a magazine’s page design merits more frequent breaks. Scan-friendly paragraphs, meanwhile, are more suitable for newspapers and for online writing. (Nothing is more off-putting on the Web than a full-width slab of unbroken writing, unless it’s a full-width slab of unbroken writing in red type on a black background.) The argument-support-conclusion is a valid ideal, but consider also the visual esthetics of a paragraph. 3. Subheadings What else can you do to give readers a break? Insert one or more levels of subheadings an especially useful strategy for procedural content like a construction or assembly guide (in which case the subheadings should also be numbered to help the reader follow the sequence). Publications generally vary the style for various levels, as well, so if you’re self-publishing, whether in print, or online, consider capitalizing top-level heads, initial-capping those at the next level, and using italics for the third level, for example. 4. Lists Introduce vertical lists numbered, unnumbered, or bulleted, as appropriate in applicable contexts. Again, this approach is especially useful for instructions or materials lists, but it can also be applied when you introduce concepts you will discuss in more detail later or to enumerate other points. 5. Dialogue When you write dialogue, set each person’s speech off in a new paragraph. Make exceptions for such instances as rapid-fire exclamations in a crowd scene or a quick back-and-forth between new characters, but generally follow this convention for fiction and nonfiction alike; doing so also obviates the need for continual attribution (â€Å"he said,† â€Å"she added,† and so on). 6. Graphics When you self-publish, you can also employ graphic elements photographs or illustrations, or visual information like charts, graphs, figures, and the like to help break up the written content. Another solution is what’s called a pull quote a memorable or trenchant statement from the narrative or a speaker’s quotation. (If the latter, place in quotation marks and identify the source of the comment.) Graphics and pull quotes can take up a full column width or can cut in to one partially, depending on the column width, the point size of the type, and the size and nature of the element, or type can be wrapped around a large visual element. Also, consider inserting a thin rule (line) or a signature object (a flower for an essay about gardening, or an illustration of a hammer for directions about how to build a deck), but don’t crowd such elements too closely with subheadings or other devices suggested above. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?20 Words Meaning "Being or Existing in the Past"Quiet or Quite?

Young Adult Literature Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Young Adult Literature - Research Proposal Example This is because the issues that are presented in this literature are more realistic and more interesting to the teenager audience. The content of these books, together with their popularity amongst the teenagers, has led to them been criticized and challenged by the society. This has led to them been banned from high school libraries as the librarians fear for reprisals from the parents and the authorities. However, banning a piece of work from a school library openly can lead to a lot of pressure and complications as the writers are bound to complain. To avoid the confrontation with the publishers or authors, many high school library media specialists have come up with an ingenious way of making sure that the books are not accessed by the teenagers in the school library. They simply choose not to add controversial items to their library's collection. This action is referred to as self-censorship in the collection development process. This research proposal is a prerequisite for a research to be carried on the practices that make up self-censorship of professional librarianship in young adult literature. The researcher will try to find out why school library media specialists reject to add books with edgy content to their collection. 1.1: Problem Statement Problem statement is the section that the researcher sets forth the underlying focus of his undertaking (Tomang, 2009). The problem that will be addressed in this case is the practices that make up self censorship of professional librarianship in young adult literature. The research will try to find out why the librarians, especially in high school, engage in self censorship where they restrict the access of the young adult literature by the teenagers in the school library. The researcher will examine whether this action is justified and the effects that it has on the writers and the teenagers themselves. 1.2: Purpose of the Research In his book methodologies of sociological research, Kimberley (2008) opines that every research must have a clearly stated purpose that motivates and guides the researcher throughout the research. The research will have no value to the researcher himself and to the field within which it is conducted if the researcher himself (who carried out the research) is unable to determine the purpose of his undertaking. The purpose of this research will be identifying the practices that make up self censorship of professional librarianship in young adult literature. The researcher will be specifically interested in self censorship of high school's library media specialists. 1.2: Research Questions Research questions are the "sign posts that help the researcher to navigate the maze of his research" (Kimberley, 2008). This is because the research revolves around answering these research questions. The success of the research is gauged by how well the researcher answers the questions that were set forth at the beginning of the research process. The quality of the research will also be gauged by the objectivity of the research questions that are addressed. The following is the major research question that the researcher will be answering in this study. What are the practices that make up self-censorship of professional librarianship in young adult literature This research question will act as the major objective of the research. All of the research w

Political Campaigns and the Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Political Campaigns and the Internet - Essay Example â€Å"Americans spend more time surfing the internet than anyone else in the world, with users clocking up an average of nearly 28 hours a month.† (Paris, 2011). The access time spent on the internet by the American people has caught special attention of campaign planners for political parties and they are now focusing more carefully on website designing, blog generations, personalize emails and podcasts. Social networking sites are also getting more and more attention of these planners because social networking can target specific groups very easily for the fundraising, campaign and convincing. The Presidency election of 2008 had given birth to new domains in internet driven political campaigns and fundraising activities. The emergence of internet as a new medium of communication and campaign has changed the way political activities were supposed to be planned and carried out in the past. The ‘Change’ slogan was undoubtedly applied forcefully to the use of intern et at the largest scale in the campaign of the President Obama in 2008. â€Å"One of the many ways that the election of Barack Obama as president has echoed that of John F. Kennedy is his use of a new medium that will forever change politics. For Mr. Kennedy, it was television. For Mr. Obama, it is the Internet.† (Cain, 2008). The use of internet is beneficial for both the political parties and the audiences and political campaigns are now moving towards the ‘paperless campaign’ arena where there will be not broachers, pamphlets. Sooner or later these and many other conventional mean of political campaigns will turn into obsolete techniques and fast pace of information communication will also take over the political campaigns as well. The use of internet is specially beneficial because it has reduced the campaign costs dramatically. Internet when compared to other advertising mediums and technique is not only affordable for low budgeted campaigns but also very ef fective and amazingly fast technology. â€Å"The internet is a high-return, low-cost means of dispensing information. Campaigns can establish an internet presence for a very modest amount, compared to the costs of many other forms of advertising.† (Trent, 2008). The audiences of political campaigns are now better off with the introduction of internet and electronic media in campaigns. The can directly read the written policy statements and agendas of political parties and their leaders. Additionally, audience can easily compare and contrast these policies with those of other candidates in the same constituency. The can get the latest new and updates in a fraction of second without time consuming political gatherings and meetings. Today’s voter or prospect supporter is busier than ever before and the political campaigns consultants are aware of the limitations of their target audiences. They facilitate their voters with personalize emails for all political update, party stance, voting regulation changes, polling station details and many other information that may save their time and avoid any botheration. The fund-raising is far easier and rewarding through internet then conventional letters and television campaigns. Those expensive and time consuming fund raising campaigns are now replaced with the personalized emails sent to targeted political

Efforts to Reduce the Budget Deficit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Efforts to Reduce the Budget Deficit - Essay Example Indeed in line with the conventional analyses, the United States has been a clear example of how disruptive an increasing debt deficit is to the long-term economic growth. The national debt has not only suppressed the overall national savings, which, in effect, has reduced domestic investments, but has also increased the country’s borrowing abroad, as evident in the current account balances. It is undeniable that sustained national debts over the years have played a lead role in increasing interest rates, making internal borrowing for investments expensive, hence the capital from abroad to finance the federal budget for almost every government that has ever been in place. As a result of the alarming successive decreases in the national income due to the huge returns from the domestic capital stock accruing mostly to the foreigners, a trend that has now erected caps on the national productivity via a mounting unemployment, several statutory budget controls have been enacted by the congress to reduce the budget deficit, with most notable efforts beginning in the year 1985. After years of disagreements between Congress and the President [Regan, to be precise] on either tax increases or spending cuts as a way forward in halting the trend of deficit growth, members of Congress from both sides of the divide finally passed the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 [popularly known as the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act ("GRH")]. Passed and approved by the President as â€Å"an important step towards rectifying decades of fiscal failure† GRH laid down procedures of eliminating the federal budget deficit that stood at $200 billion in 1986 by the year 1991 (Stith, 1988). GRH was essentially a binding enactment, enforced independent of the legislative budget process and the executive orders, which had failed in cutting down the total government spending and/or resisting political pressure for more government programs. The celebration particular ly for President Reagan who had grander ambitions of reducing the share of the national resources consumed by the federal government was, however, short-lived, as the provisions of GRH was ruled a ‘violation of the principles of the separation of powers’ in 1986 by the Supreme Court in Bowsher v. Synar. To save efforts that went into making the GRH from complete collapse, the Congress went back to the drawing board, eliminating the constitutional defects identified by the Supreme Court eventually producing an amended version of GRH that moved automatic sequestration process from the hands of Comptroller General to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the Office of the President (Stith, 1988). Accordingly, the deficits decreased in the subsequent years as a result of substantial cuts in spending accompanied by economic growth that ensured increased revenues. With the turbulent Bush administration in the 1990s, GRH proved insufficient in restricting the growth of the deficits. Congress, thus, reached an agreement with the regime allowing for a combination of â€Å"tax increases and caps on government spendin

Incorporating Theory And Practice To Achieve Competency Nursing Essay

Incorporating Theory And Practice To Achieve Competency Nursing Essay Dewey (1938) stated that all genuine education comes through experience. Certainly, in practice-based professions such as the health care professions, clinical experience should be the basis for learning. To extract learning from experience, we need to create meaning from our experiences as we interact with and react to, them. We cannot allow any experience to be taken for granted; once we do so, actions become routine and habitual, we stop noticing and enter into a rut (Stuart 2007). Critically discuss this quotation by focusing on the complexity of learning in practice, the complexity of supervisory process and the end goal of creating a competent practitioner. Table of Contents Introduction John Dewey, one of the paramount philosophers and educational theorists of this century, wrote the book Experience and Education, more than 70 years ago, toward the end of his career. The book is based on the principle that all genuine education comes about through experience. Are his ideas relevant to nursing education in this day and age? Can we develop a theory for learning in our workplace? Are all experiences educative? Should clinical experience be the basic of learning? The following assignment shall use these questions as the basis of critical discussion about the complexity of learning and supervising and the formation of competent practitioners. The Maltese Code of Ethics for Nurses and Midwives (1997) seeks to promote the highest level of care delivered by nurses and midwives to their patients. This goal can only be achieved in the nursing profession, by the confluence of the two segments of health care; science and art. It was Florence Nightingale who created the art and science model of professional nursing practice and entrusted it to future generations. Nursing as a science and a profession is characterized by a close relationship between theory and practice (Papastavrou, Lambrinau, Tsangari, Saarikoski, Lieno-Kilpi, 2010), which involves the technological and research aspect of patient care. Conversely, the art of nursing is a more holistic view and takes into account all the patients mental, physical and spiritual needs. Hence, competent professional practice requires educational theoretical knowledge, as well as knowledge gained through hands on experience. Clinical experience and learning in practice Dewey (1998) argued that all genuine education comes about through experience. If Deweys statement is accurate, then why is the number of students attending universities increasing year after year? Why youths do not find employment instead of going to universities if the essential education can be gained directly through work experience? Is it feasible to allocate students in a ward, without any background knowledge about nursing? It is a fact that the knowledge base of nursing can be found in books, journals, and media and in handbooks of practice. On the other hand, Handal and Lauvas (1983) argued that a different component of practical theories is the transmitted knowledge and understanding communicated by others. This is because we pick up others knowledge and understanding together with our own experiences. Bonwell James (1991) stated that research consistently has shown that traditional lecture methods, in which lecturers talk and students listen, dominate university classroom s. Rolfe (1998) added that although this kind of knowledge forms the foundation of the science in nursing, nurses also need to have knowledge about themselves, their own clinical practice and their individual patients, if ever nursing has to become holistic and patient centered rather than disease focused. YourDictionory.com (2010) defines experience as an activity that includes training, observation of practice, and personal participation. Therefore, experience offers opportunities to the student to live through alternative ways of approaching the practice setting. However, nursing procedures, which may initially be taught in university clinical skills laboratories, require more varied and complex skills than can be taught in classrooms. It is not sufficient for a student to learn, for example, aseptic techniques, by reading a book, attending a lecture, or performing a skill in the lab where the environment and role model are perfectly controlled. Although knowledge learnt in the lecture rooms is essential as basic information, performing the skill in real life is something different altogether. For instance, when considering aseptic technique, a student on the wards can actually observe the wound, any odour or exudates, and assess pain whilst answering patient questions. Moreover, Po lanyi (1967) argued that much of the knowledge which inheres in human skill is tacit, and can only be learnt by observation. Thus clinical practice is a combination of practice of skills, the use of tacit knowledge, the use of knowledge about the skill and the use of knowledge of the field of practice (Jarvis, 1992). Besides, Nightingale (1893) as cited by Alliggod and Marrier-Tommey (2006) believed that nursing education should be a combination of both clinical and classroom experience. She states that Neither can it (nursing) be taught in lectures or by books (alone) although these are valuable accessories, if used as such: otherwise what is in the book stays in the book (p.24). In addition, Dewey (1998) further argued that experience alone, even educative is not enough. To a certain extent, it is the meaning that one perceives in and then constructs from an experience that gives the experience value. Consequently, this leads to the role of reflection, where its function is to make meaning out of our experiences. Loughran (2002) acknowledged that reflection is continually emerging as a suggested way of helping practitioners better understand what they know and do, as they develop their knowledge of practice through reassessing what they learn in practice. Moreover, Schon (1983) emphasis that reflection is a way in which professionals can bridge the theory practice gap, based on the potential of reflection to encourage knowledge in and on action. Since reflection facilitates discussion, it promotes the concept of shared learning. Furthermore, Schon (1987) acknowledged that when clinicians are trained to make their knowing in action clear, they can inevitably use this awareness to enliven and change their practice. However, one can argue that reflection is not a natural state or known without someone introducing it, but as Schon stated these systematic processes need to be guided experiences so that practitioners can derive the best possible outcomes from them. On the other hand, Crathern (2001) asserts that once reflective skill is mastered it will not leave the person. Thus clinical supervisors should help and guide students to develop and engage in the process of reflection as a means of deriving knowledge from their clinical experience. The complexity of learning in practice Antonacopoulou (2006) declared that learning is a process as well as a product, a cause, a consequence and context in which life and work patterns are achieved, and in turn organise learning. People have been trying to understand learning for over 2000 years. However, everyone has a different suggestion how to approach learning. Some might argue that learning is an increase in knowledge, that it is memorizing, or that it is acquiring facts or procedures that are to be used. Others may say that learning is making sense or understanding the reality. On the other hand, learning theorists have provided us with a set of ideas about how people learn, to facilitate practical implications for teaching (Darling-Hammond, Rosso, Austin, Orcutt, Martin, 2001). Yet, one must keep in mind that students practice experience is one of the most important aspects of their preparation for registration. Bransford (2000) affirmed that research has found that the brain plays a role in learning. Thus we cannot assume that all students learn in the same way. One must keep in mind that different students have different needs, and the concept that one size fits all is inaccurate. Additionally, if teaching methods do not match a students strength or learning style this may affect learning and behaviour. Mentors should primarily assist students to integrate into the practice setting while continuously providing ongoing support. Through observation, interaction and discovering a students interests, mentors can determine which learning styles would best facilitate the learning process. Novice students require an approach that is supportive, facilitative and structured, where careful monitoring, observation, demonstration and teaching are essential (Benner 1987). Alternatively, more advanced students need to be empowered to provide reflective holistic care. However, communication and an effect ive working relationship is the key to success (Chan, 2002; Papp, Markkanen, von Bonsdroff, 2003; Saarikoski Leino-Kilpi, 2002; Berggren, Barbosa da Silva, Severinsson, 2005). Learning is also based on the associations or connections we make. According to the learning theorist Jean Piaget accessing prior knowledge is how we make sense of the world. We attempt to take new information and fit it into existing knowledge in order to create a schema, or mental map that fits into a specific category. This makes the information more accessible because it is more memorable. On the other hand, workplace learning is of central importance and a crucially important site for learning. Nevertheless, students need to have theoretical background knowledge before working in a ward in order to be more motivated. Additionally, Burns and Peterson (2005) acknowledged that having a good role model is beneficial for the students. However, researchers found that sometimes mentors act as poor role models, where students alleged that they have observed malpractice practice in the clinical area (Rungapadichy, Mandill, Gough, 2004). Consequently, the key to successful practice learn ing lies in the level of support and guidance that students receive from mentors (Block, Claffey, Korow, McCaffrey, 2005 Jones, Walters, Akehurst, 2001) and other healthcare professionals. Gone are the days where students only require friendly or emotional support in practice settings. Besides, they also demand and deserve good quality, appropriately delivered practice learning that challenges the professionals delivering it and develops practice based on theoretical principles (Andrews, 2007). One of Jarvis points is that professionals also learn in situations with routine actions, because they are able to ask questions both about their actions and the attitudes behind them. Along these lines, they are able to regenerate disjuncture (Jarvis, 1999). Yet, can ritualism deteriorate into alienation, where skills will be performed without meaning? Thus it is important to discuss with the students what they want to learn and express their decisions in the form of learning objectives. The sequence of learning tasks should be moved from simple to complex and adequate guidelines and feedback (Darling 1985, Elliott Higgs, 2005) should be incorporated, so that the key points of learning are reinforced. Hammnond, Austin, Orcutt, Rosso, (2001) observed that the different ways people think and feel about their own learning affects their development as learners. Glasersfeld, (1989) argued that responsibility of learning should reside increasingly with the learner. Thus social constructivism is important so that students will be actively involved in the learning process, unlike previous educational viewpoints where the responsibility rested with the lecturer to teach and where students played only a passive role. Therefore, students should be encouraged to develop critical thinking skills and not just emulate the practices they observe. Motivation is another crucial assumption where some might give all the responsibility to learn to the students confidence in their potential for learning. However, one must keep in mind that other underlying problems might be the cause, such as personal problems or stress during clinical placement. Building a good relationship with the mentee can solve such problems, because when students confide their problems, mentors can address them appropriately. This would be supported by Darlings (1984) work, where in her study, after she interviewed 50 nurses, 20 physicians and a number of healthcare executives about their experiences with mentors, she identified that there were three vital ingredients for a mentoring relationship: attraction (admiration for the other person), action (invests time and energy to the relationship) and affect (positive feelings toward the other person). In addition, Prawat and Floden (1994) believed that feelings of competence and beliefs to solve new problems are derived from firsthand experience of mastery problems in the past and are much more powerful than any external acknowledgment and motivation. Consequently, the importance of being good role models is once more being stressed where with appropriate behaviour and attitudes, and with interaction together, the mentee will be helped to achieve the state of a competent practitioner. Strengths, problems, and challenges of learning in practice The clinical environment is a strong provider of learning (Cope, Cuthbertson, Stoddart, 2000). In fact, it is the only setting in which the skills of history taking, skills practicing, clinical reasoning, decision making, empathy, and professionalism can be taught and learnt as an integrated whole. However, common problems with clinical teaching exist such as lack of clear objectives and expectations, focusing on factual recall rather than on development of problem solving skills and attitudes, passive observation instead of active participation from the student, lack of reflection, discussion, and feedback and at times teaching by humiliation. These problems may arise due to time pressure, competing demands (especially when needs of patients and students conflict) and last but not least due to the increasing number of students and lack of mentors. Complexity of supervisory process Ever since research reports appeared to suggest that a theory-practice gap existed in nursing (Alexander 1983), a search has been in progress for new roles for nurses in clinical practice and in nurse education. These roles might ensure that what is taught in the theoretical component of nurse education corresponds, at least to some degree, with what happens in clinical practice. Evidently, the key to progressing from novice to an expert is the key to excellent mentor support (Watson, 2000), otherwise the nursing student may make defective assumptions based on inadequate personal reflections. It is useless having a state of the art hospital learning environment, without having enough supportive mentors who are really interested in mentoring. Such learning environment gives students the opportunity to get the most out of their learning processes and to achieve the objectives of clinical placements. On the other hand, failure to meet students expectations can cause disappointment to students during their clinical placement, where they can proclaim that their experience was unfruitful since for learning to take place, there is the need to create meaning from the experience (1998). Thus, one can question if all mentors are enthusiastic and committed to mentoring. Alternatively, mentorship may be supported, by developing workshops (Howatson-Jones, 2003) and other tools to teach, in order to remind mentors how to optimize their skills and to promote mentors and mentorship. Some authors argue, that the choice of the mentor is crucial to a meaningful supervisory relationship, and that this relationship is integral to the whole supervision process in relation to uptake and effectiveness (Jones A., 2001a; Spence, Cantrell, Christie, Sammet, 2002). However, mentorship in Malta is still in its infancy, and there are not enough mentors to accommodate all the students in the faculty, let alone choosing their mentors. Consequently, the need for more responsible mentors arises. Llyod-Jones, Walters, Akehurst, (2001) in their study of 81 pre-registered students found that those students who did not work with a mentor, were usually not supported by any other trained staff, leading to auxiliary nurse work being delegated to the student. Nevertheless, the system in Malta overcame this problem by giving the opportunity to every student to be mentored by different mentors according to the clinical placement, in most of their clinical placements. The environment itself is a valued characteristic for students to learn, mostly characterised by co-operation among staff, and an atmosphere in which they are treated as colleagues not as an extra pair of hands. The impact of a good ward cannot be overstated, where the philosophy of nursing team affects the ward atmosphere. Pearsy and Elliot (2004) declared that if students observe mentors acting as poor role models it affects the students learning negatively. Thus the supervisor role is to assist the supervisee to apply theoretical knowledge, appropriate attitudes and therapeutic communication into practice. This can only be done through the medium of supervisory relationship, since it is through others that we develop into ourselves (Vygotsky 1981). Mentoring is founded upon relationships between people and, like all relationships, is affected by what each participant brings to the relationship. Openness, self-awareness, and a belief in the value of mentoring are important qualitie s for both mentors and mentees to possess. Competency to mentor is built on a balance of individual cognitive, emotional and relationship abilities; personal virtues or characteristics, such as integrity and empathy, and competencies both within ones field of practice and related to mentorship itself (Epstin Hundert, 2002). The success of clinical supervision depends mainly on the supervisee (Dewar Walker, 1999), and it can be useful if they look at their responsibilities in the role. It is important that students are treated with respect as an equal partner. The primary responsibility of the mentors is for their own development and willingness to learn and change, irrelevant to the extent of experience. Yet mentors serve a variety of roles, including being a professional parent, teacher, guide, counsellor, motivator, sponsor, coach, advisor, role model, referral agent, and door opener. Hence a successful mentor must be capable of blending these roles with other important characteristics such as being patient, available, approachable, respected, people oriented, knowledgeable, and secure in their position, in order to help students in the process of competency. Creating competent practitioners Ensuring competence to effectively and safely practice should be the aim of mentoring, and a critical task for the educators. Kane (1992) defines competence as the degree to which the individual can use the knowledge, skills and judgment associated with the profession, to perform effectively, in the domain of possible encounters, defining the scope of professional practice. On the other hand, domains of competence can be assessed to some degree via direct observation because it provides the opportunity to make multiple assessments over time and across different clinical circumstances. Yet, this is not always possible due to time constrains with the student. Thus the faculty must find another approach how to combine lectures and clinical practice in order to give ample time for the student to work with the mentor. Moreover, another question might arise regarding the system sufficiency in providing competent and safe practitioners. The introduction of mentorship was the first step aiming to provide better competent practitioners. However, there are strategies that both mentors and mentees can employ to ensure that they get the most out of a mentoring relationship. Yet, are there policies in place that support the selection of competent, appropriate mentors? Equally important, is the method of students assessment acceptable? Burns Peterson (2005) declared that the assessment must be on going, where the mentor provides formative assessment in line with outcomes and competencies they are expected to achieve. Thus, locally, the final four hour role play, (where students can be motivated purely by the process of assessment to adapt to what they perceive as the requirements of the assessor rather than moving towards achievement of goals such as independent thinking, problem solving and originality) should not contain too much weight in determining students competence. Hence supervision methods will be more effective if used within the context of a healthy supervisory relationship. Asadoorian Batt ( 2005) acknowledged that self assessment should be the first step in self directed learning. However, self-assessment should only complement and not replace another means of assessment. Portfolios, on the other hand, can address a wide range of competencies because it provides a reflective insight into mentees abilities to self assess and learn from experiences. Conclusion Although experience is extremely important as a means of education, theoretical knowledge must be the basic to prepare students for the clinical practice. On the other hand, the need for nurses to be able to integrate theory and practice effectively has long been recognised. Thus, competent mentors are required to help students in minimizing the theory practice gap. The gap can be bridged through reflection and critical thinking so that experience can be transformed into learning. A good relationship between mentor and mentee is important for learning. Mentees appreciate a learning environment where they have the opportunity to learn, to act professionally and to learn about the values and norms on the ward. Moreover, since nursing is a practical profession, there is a need to ensure that practical assessment systems are able to discern the true knowledge base of students. Alternatively, the key to success is to monitor both student and mentor feedback on the learning practice enviro nment.